June 29, 2017 - Leiden,
Holland - I can knock Holland windmill tour off my bucket list.
Then (above)...and NOW
The De Valk, or The
Falcon, is a tower mill that dates to 1743. It is seven floors in all and
used to be home to the miller’s family and even a cow or two.
Suggestions on how to get down. The docent said kids do the best but parents are scared.
The upscale living quarters on the first floor of the De Valk mill.
The decorative sink in the kitchen inside the mill.
Wooden gears and wheels and whatnot near the ceiling on the fifth floor of the windmill.
Looking up the narrow ladder stairs.
The wheel on the outside to turn the sails on the windmill
The grinding stones were
enormous, the stairways or ladders steep and the life of a miller had to be
difficult and very demanding and all while "wearing wooden shoes,"
said the docent Danielle at the front desk.
A couple interesting
tidbits:
- The De Valk mill was
pulled down in 1743 and replaced by the present tower mill; this time the body
of the mill was built in brick. A stone tablet shows the undertaking was
completed in 2-1/2 months.
-Over a century ago
there were 10,000 windmills and now only 950. Most mills were lost in
fires or they closed due to poor maintenance.
- The millers in Leiden were organized in the
Guild of Saint Victor. In the Netherlands Saint Victor is regarded as the
patron saint of millers. He was a Roman soldier, who as a Christian and refused
to sacrifice to a pagan Roman god. His punishment was to be drowned with a
millstone around his neck.
- The steam
engine came into use in the 19th century and windmills were no longer
necessary. They gradually disappeared from the city. Since 1950 only one mill
has survived and this is De Valk (The Falcon).
-A millers fee
was fixed by the authorities until 1805 when a tax had to be paid on every bag
of grain. A tax inspector stood by the entrance to some mills; nevertheless, many
millers managed to evade the regulations. Up until 1869 there were even
'smugglers cupboards' in De Valk in which the miller hid untaxed flour.
-Windmills were once
saw mills that helped the ship building industry; the Dutch had one of the best
fleets.
Windmill art. Used to sell products.
Looking out on the city of Leiden from the fourth story
Weights used to hoist the grain up to the top level. The windmill did all the heavy lifting.
A pulley and one of the old signs at the mill
The super secret bathroom on the first floor of the mill.
The toilet paper was crisp and faded brown and looked original. The docent said the main bathroom was on the same floor as the cattle. So, not only did the family live in the windmill and operate it as a place of business to produce flour but it also housed a cow or two.
If a part broke in the windmill there was a person in town who could craft a new one.
This was the directory hanging on the wall in the entryway
